How Does Juliet Change - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 575 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/09/24 Category Advertising Essay Type Argumentative essay Tags: Romeo and Juliet Essay Did you like this example? Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare is a play in which my attitude towards one of the main characters changes many times throughout the play. The character who changes is Juliet herself. Shakespeare portrays the changes in Juliet well by use of language, imagery and key speeches. The first time we meet Juliet is when the nurse is reminiscing about Juliet’s childhood. From the nurses recollections of Juliet’s childhood I can gather that she is like a mother figure to her. Lady Capulet, Juliet’s mother, enters and asks Juliet how she feels about marrying a bachelor called Paris. Juliet’s response is, â€Å"Ill look to like, if looking liking move: But no more deep will I endart mine eye than your consent gives† This shows us that Juliet is an obedient and dutiful daughter, as she will go to meet Paris because her parents have asked her to. It shows that she is something of a perfect daughter for her parents. She also seems very polite a nd well mannered towards her mother, almost as if she was a stranger to her. This effectively makes us think that Juliet is a good child who would never disobey her parents. Furthermore, we first see a change in Juliet when she meets Romeo at the Capulet ball. Romeo and his friends attend the mask ball without being invited. This is because it is being held by The Montague’s sworn enemy the Capulets. The masks help them to enter the ball unrecognised. Romeo does not want to dance or take part in any of the partying so he offers to be a torchbearer. This is because he is in love with a girl called Rosaline and his love for her is unrequited. The first conversation between Romeo and Juliet is a shared sonnet. The sonnet is unusual as it is shared mutually and usually the woman would be being adored and is silent as the man talked. Juliet answers back which is abnormal. It shows that she is equal to Romeo in terms of wit and intelligence. â€Å" Romeo: Have not saints lip s holy palmers too? Juliet: Ay pilgrim lips that they must use in prayer. Romeo: O then dear saint, let lips do what hands do They pray; grant thou, lest faith turn to despair† The fact that the sonnet is shared stresses that they will play equal parts in their relationship. Romeo is never the dominant member in the relationship. They will love and suffer together throughout their relationship. We see Juliet changing from the obedient, perfect daughter to an independent young woman who knows how to take care of herself. Moreover, we see further development in Juliet’s character when she is on her private balcony after the first time she meets Romeo. Juliet thinks she is alone but Romeo has climbed the walls of the family home and is listening into her conversation with herself. When Romeo is listening to Juliet thinking out loud he gets to know her true feelings towards him and the fact that she is prepared to give up her name to be with him. When Romeo finally sh ows himself the first thing Juliet wonder is how he got into the garden. He says that as long as Juliet loves him he can overcome any obstacle. He begins his elaborate praise of her again but she makes it clear that she would rather he spoke plainly and honestly. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "How Does Juliet Change" essay for you Create order

The Impact Of Media On Society Today - 911 Words

According to Dictionary.com, â€Å"media† is defined as means of communication that reach and influence society or people widely. For instance, radios, televisions, newspapers, and magazines are forms of media. The influence the media has around the globe is profound, therefore, in this essay, I am going to discuss the impact that media has on the society today. Although social media can connect all people in the world instantly, the negative effects have a great impact on the society because it decreases the desire for actual communication. First and foremost, media has an impact on Change in Identity. In Miss Representation video, it is said that 53% of 13 year old girls are unhappy with their bodies. And that number increases by 75% at 17 years old. And 65% in women and girls with anorexia This is very true because in teen magazines and beauty pageant shows, women are portrayed as skinny. This image by the media today is unrealistic and even a very dangerous standard of feminine beauty. The idea by media that thinness is idealized and expected for women to be considered attractive. Images in televisions, advertisements, and music usually portray women as ideal woman as tall, white, blonde, and thin. Women and girls with weight problems like obesity, are going to feel less worthy and ashamed of their physical appearances. This causes them to be depressed which can lead to suicidal attempts because they learn to accept that the society only wants skinnyShow MoreRelatedWhat Impact Does The Media Have On Females? Todays Society?2102 Words   |  9 PagesWhat impact does the media have on females in todays society? Dissertation – Chapter 1 Mass media shapes the world and the ‘perfect’ female is depicted through magazines, TV, music, internet, billboards, toys, movies, commercials etc. on a daily basis, impacting women and girls on how to perceive their own bodies, how to look and how to behave. The ‘perfect’ image is of an unrealistic appearance – a slender figure, tall, a large bust, caucasian and light coloured hair. Advertisement and marketingRead MoreMedia s Influence On Gender Relations And Sexuality1230 Words   |  5 PagesHistorically, media represented gender and sexuality in the way that matched the dominant public view and mirrors the evolution of gender-related biases and stereotypes and views on sexuality. In the course of time, gender relations and sexuality evolved and changed and all these changes found their reflection in mass media (Bonvillain, 1995, 210). Mass media, in their turn, portrayed gender relations and sexuality according to the dominant cultural view on gender relations and sexuality. This isRead MoreCulture and the Mass Media1400 Words   |  6 PagesImpact of Mass Media on Enculturation The mass media and culture go hand and hand in today s society. The American culture thrives on the Mass media and this has become American culture today. â€Å"Mass media is any medium used to transmit mass communication. Until recently mass media was clearly defined and was comprised of the eight mass media industries; books, newspapers, magazines, recordings, radio, movies, television and the Internet (Lane, 2007).† The mas media is no longer simple to defineRead MoreNegative Effects Of Social Media Essay1144 Words   |  5 Pagestraining and immense amounts of time twenty years ago can be completed today within seconds at your fingertips. Nowadays, technology is constantly being used everywhere you go and at any time. Before there was google or even the internet, it would take hours of research to find answers that are a simple click away. While technology advances have had a huge positive impact on the efficiency and productivity of today’s society and the genera tion of people that have come from it, it has also slowedRead Moreexample of informative speech outline Essay examples899 Words   |  4 PagesSPEECH OUTLINE Informative Outline Topic: Impact of Media in the Society and Individual General Purpose: To Inform Specific Purpose: To inform my audience the negative impact of social media in the society and to the individual. Thesis: Social media websites are some of the most popular haunts on the Internet. They have revolutionized the way people communicate and socialize on the Web. I. Introduction A. Attention Getter: Today, just about everyone depends on information andRead MoreThe Impact Of Modern Technology On Us And Our Society Essay1704 Words   |  7 PagesThe Impact of the Modern Technology on us and our society. Today it is hard to imagine what our lives would look like without the technology that surrounds us, it is even harder to imagine what our lives would be with the technological advancements that begun to take shape during the industrial revolution that, begun in England during the 18th century. The industrial revolution brought on many changes into humans everyday lives, allowing us as mankind to increasingly become smarter, faster andRead MorePositive and Negative Effects of Social Media Essay638 Words   |  3 PagesSocial media is any website that allows social interaction. Social media is growing rapidly throughout the world. More adults and teenagers are joining sites such as Facebook, MySpace, and Twitter to interact with friends, family, and strangers. The introduction of social media has changed the world in many ways. It affects each individual in different ways. Today it can be used as a very helpful tool in changing a person’s life, but at the same time cause su ch conflicts which can negatively impactRead MoreThe Media and Its Responsibilities Essays1688 Words   |  7 Pagesincludes duties and responsibilities. The media is an integral part of everyday life and has become a leading player and influence of our society and it have an outcome on our nations’ future, viewpoint, and the globe’s view of us. The media are responsible for mainstream America ideals and the familiarity of the image based on the impact from the media. The media are fundamental of social influence and political decisions. The media have turned the average person on realityRead MoreSocial Media And Its Impact On Society Essay1560 Words   |  7 Pageswaiting for their next high, society has become more and more dependent on social media. One must realize, while the use of social media in today’s society is a necessity due to the fast-paced environment that has been created, it can never fully replace the value received from personal interaction with others. The short film titled, The Library Book, perfectly illustrates this as the characters within the film learn to assimilate in a society dominated by social media. The actions of each characterRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article War Makes Men Leaders 843 Words   |  4 Pagesexcept for a football or baseball game, signifying it as the most important experience in American society. This signifier is an advertisement strategy reminding the reader that Americans cherish their sports games more than anything. This is an example of selling the games through articles. This impacts both the newspaper and the games, increasing their value and additionally impacting American society by establishing what is most important in their everyday lives. With the analysis of different documents

Importance of good roads in a country free essay sample

Good roads are essential for the development of a country. The Romans realized this centuries ago. Wherever they established themselves, they tried to improve the roads there. Today, the governments of all countries in the world are building more and more roads to gain access to the remotest regions of their countries. Roads link towns and villages and enable the people of one place to communicate with the people of another place. When food is scarce in one place, it can be brought from another place without much difficulty. Even things which cannot be produced in one region can be brought from another region where they are produced in abundance. The invention of motor-vehicles has made it easy to transport goods from place to place. These vehicles, however, require good roads to travel faster. The better the roads are, the more goods can be transported from place to place. Thus, trade is improved. We will write a custom essay sample on Importance of good roads in a country or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Further, good roads help people to travel easily to places where they can work and to develop their lands and industries. In Malaysia, for example, the improvement of roads has made it easy for skilled workers from the towns to work in remote villages. The people of the villages, on the other hand, have been able to learn much from the towns. As a result, there has been a lot of improvement in this country in all spheres of activity. Finally, in times of war, good roads help armies to move about without difficulty. Sometimes, a country is defeated because its army is not able to reach a place in good time due to bad roads. Even the police may not be able to reach a place where there is some trouble if the roads are bad. For all these reasons, it is always necessary for a country to have good roads.

To What Extent Did Alexander II fundamentally transform Russia Essay Example

To What Extent Did Alexander II fundamentally transform Russia Paper Alexander II held the title Liberator due to his leading role in the radical reforms that took place in Russia from 1855. The Tsar greatly benefited from Russias autocratic style government and took the drastic changes as a way of preserving this. Russia was beginning to fall behind in comparison to other powers, e. g. in the delay of abolishing serfdom. This was highlighted after a humiliating defeat at the Crimean War in 1856, after losing on home ground, with poor military and training becoming apparent. This loss acted as a major catalyst for change in Russia. To have of fundamentally transform Russia, Alexander II would have to have improved Russia socially, politically, militarily and economically. The abolition of serfdom was phased over a period of 20 years, considering how in 1861, 50 million of the 60 million inhabitants of Russia were peasants, 23 million of them being serfs. When in 1861 all serfs were given freedom, all control their owner had was lost. They were allowed to keep their own cottages and surrounding land, and often were hired by their previous landlord to work on their farmland. Morally, granting freedom to 23 million people could be considered a fundamental transformation of Russia. However, Alexander II experienced economic and political disadvantages. While serfs had the right to their own land, surrounding land they had to buy. The small strips of land could be all an ex-serf would have, and in situations where landlords would keep surrounding land, serfs would be in a worse situation. Due to a lack in education and training, the ex-serfs would be unable to manage their land. The economy was therefore affected, with up to a 23% decline in agricultural holdings in some parts of Russia. We will write a custom essay sample on To What Extent Did Alexander II fundamentally transform Russia specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on To What Extent Did Alexander II fundamentally transform Russia specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on To What Extent Did Alexander II fundamentally transform Russia specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Serfs would be tied to a village by the redemption paymentsthat were spread over 49 years. This contradicts Alexander IIs invention of expanding peoples culture by issuing passports. Passports caused additional problems as due to this and other effects of emancipating the serfs, other developments that could have taken place in Russia were hampered. While the emancipation of the serfs was a step in the right direction for Alexander II fundamentally transforming Russia, he failed to follow through and it was too little if Russia was to again be on the same level as other powers. A reason Alexander II faced difficulties could be due to the lack of education in Russia at the time. How could the people of Russia move forward if only a very limited number knew how? The Russian government held back on education, due to a fear of new ideas spreading which would contradict that of the autocracy or orthodox church. However, soon Russias lack of education was clearly holding them back, as while England founded universities in the 13th century, they were not founded in Russia until the 18th century. While Britain lead the world in the industrial revolution, Russia remained immensely unproductive, with peasants constantly tending to their fields to create enough substance to provide. Russia was already at a disadvantage agriculturaly due to Russias poor soil and inconsistent weather. Education was widely extended as a follow up the emancipation of the serfs. Schools were declared open to all and secondary schools and universities grew. By giving peasants an education, Russia could hopefully industrialise increase productivity: Russian farmers could no longer sell the huge quantities necessary to supply the western countries. However, despite universities being given greater independence, revolutionary disturbances in the 1870s led to the state interfering with the autocratic government retaining the right to decline applications. It could therefore be considered Russias education wasnt fundamentally transformed as AlexanderII wasnt willing to fully commit to everyone having a right to a full education, Alexander kept tim continuation of the autocracy as the main priority. Censorship reforms also had limited success but was held back by the governments hesitancy towards criticism. By 1865 the press was allowed to discuss government policy and foreign publications were allowed into Russia (albeit only under political approval). The relaxation of censorship encouraged education also as the number of published books grew by ten times more by 1894, even matching British and American outputs combined. Although tight censorship returned, judicial reforms led to a more educated public as the conduct of trials became known. Russias previous judicial system was chaotic and cruel, and kept extremely secret from the public. It suited the maintenance of serfdom and was in line with Russias autocratic government as the estate holder and was sole decider of the fate. By reforming the judicial system, Alexander II saw to transform the process in a fair and practical service. The new system made various classes more equal, higher classes were no longer given separate courts with different punishments and judges would no longer be bribed or abused as they were better trained with a more worthwhile salary. Moreover, by reducing the cruelty of the sentences, Russia could begin a transformation in which the Russian public could less resent their country and it made a major contribution to the modernisation of Russia. However the system was still flawed as true equality between the rich and poor was not reached: juries were still made up of wealthy men with prejudice over the poor. As a recurring theme, Alexander II limited trials in that the bureaucracy could intervene and still have the final verdict. The judicial reform of 1864 was indeed a crucial step in integrating Russias poor and wealthy groups but in the end they still remain vastly separate. Russias nobility dominated the courts when instead Alexander II should have aimed to secure a more universal system where each of his people could be represented. The necessity of military reforms became apparent after the defeat in the Crimean War and then again after the emancipation of the serfs drastically reduced conscription and therefore the size of the army. Previous reforms could be considered to have made the military reforms easier as by making the Russia a fairer, better place to live then the militarys problem of a less than patriotic army could be solved. With a more systematic army with smaller divisions and better planning, the Russian army could be more prepared for defence. Alexander II put Dmitri Milyutin in charge as he introduced a number of reforms over a 20 year period. The military was given far more advanced weapons, proper training and promotions became more open in an attempt to make leadership more effective . The biggest change, and most significant step towards a fundamentally reformed Russia, was in conscription. By ending the conscription of children and convicts and cutting conscription for men over 20 from twenty five years to six, Milyutin created a more motivated army. However, these reforms grew great criticism, notably from the merchants and nobility, where the idea of service was terrifying. This shows Alexander slowly attempting to close the social gap. In addition, the new army acted as a significant saving in government spending, lessening the strain on Russian economy. It also acted in restoring some of Russias international reputation, lost after the Crimean War. In conclusion,Alexander IIs effort cannot be denied as he implemented a wide range of reforms but could not maintain them to the full extent. When it comes to Russias backwardness, Alexander II made little effect as other powers were so greatly advanced and his reforms were too little and too late. For example, despite exemplary efforts in the military, compared to Britains renowned army, Russia couldnt compare.

Book of John Essays

Book of John Essays Book of John Essay Book of John Essay One of the major themes of the Book of John is to prove that Jesus is the Messiah and the Son of God. What makes these miracles so special is the difficulty faced to create them and what each is trying to teach. There are seven main miracles, seven being a significant number throughout the bible, that are used to help better understand Jesus and his true identity. We can also find a last miracle in His resurrection, which in itself is simply put that Jesus is a part of God because of how impossible this action seemed. The last miracle is sometimes skipped as a sign that Jesus is the Christ and Messiah. This book was written from true events which is why it is made important and allows people to see who Jesus is. The reason these events are so significant is because they truly happened and carry a deeper meaning that was is read on the surface. The seven main miracles made by Jesus in the Gospel of John are each unique and significant in meaning to the people and the purpose that is behind each of them. The underlying meaning is what the reader should focus on, even though these miracles are claimed to be eye witnessed, making each of the miracles historically true, in a sense. The first miracle of the seven was the Wedding at Cana. This miracle is where the true glory of Jesus is revealed. This specific miracle leads to Jesus disciples having a deeper faith along with all his followers. This allowed his disciples to have a much more complex understanding of him. Jesus turned water into wine which could represent the old Israel converting into a believing Israel (hence the old wine into new). The turning of wine into water portrayed that Jesus is who all things are truly made. The main point of this miracle was to show that Jesus was the true Son of God which makes him the Messiah and is son-ship of God. The second miracle, or sign, is trying to illustrate that the word of Jesus is The Word of God. It does so by having the official leave and head home once Jesus said miou may go; your son will live. Because the official did not question how exactly it was his son would be cured and simply turned around and started going home meant that he believed Jesus without a doubt. In other words, you could simply say that the high official saw the Glory of God by listening intently. This showed the Jesus was the Glory by him saying something will be done, and even from afar, it happening. It means that despite the distance and how sick the young man was, Jesus can heal and is the healing to humanity and all else. This could parallel with the healing of Israel in the new age. This sign speaks to us about true faith and what can happen once we are devoted completely and believe in our hearts and souls that what Jesus commands shall happen. What made the third sign significant aside from curing a man that was lame is the emphasizes on the tact that the man nad been ill tor t eight years. The curing that Jesus did in this miracle can be applied to healing a lame Israel and will now be estored. This miracle did not have a complex form of working other than having the man listen to Jesus and do what he had been told to do and following orders. The lame man would represent Israel and Jesus would represent God, in a sense. This would mean that if Israel obeyed what was commanded of it, God could heal them from their lameness through his son, the Messiah. The curing of the lame man led to a greater faith in the already believing people, or a bigger doubt in the non-believers. The second part of this miracle focuses on how this healing was done on the Sabbath. Of course, the people that doubted argued that Jesus should be stoned because he broke the law of the Lord by working on the Sabbath. Jesus argument was that since he is the son of God he healed the man alongside God which would then mean that this miracle was allowed to be made since God was the one at work. Since certain people were so blinded by their doubt they saw this as breaking the faith by Jesus saying he was equal to God, in a sense. This made them angry and made them want to stone him. They did not learn the lesson that John was getting at, and they could not realize that in front of them stood Jesus, the true Messiah. No matter what miracle or action was done, their views could not be turned around to believe in Jesus. The fourth sign involves Jesus multiplying bread and fish which can be translated to mean that Jesus is the creative word. He is the giver of life, which is what the bread would represent. Jesus proves himself to be greater than Moses by being the true creator of mans provisions. Jesus points out that he can give physical life, but most importantly give spiritual life because he is the true bread of life. The Messiah is expected to feed people miraculously, which is exactly was Jesus does in the nstance. This would then mean the people recognized that he was a Messianic figure. Due to the misinterpretation because of the earthly minds that people have, they wanted physical life and not the spiritual sense of it. Therefore, they wanted to make Jesus an earthly king instead of the Messianic fgure that he was. Jesus then had to point out the true meaning of what he had done emphasizing that those who go to him in faith will find life. False faith would mean that the people believed in the miracle but not in who Jesus truly was. Receiving life through Jesus would illustrate a rusting response to him and who he truly was, the son of God. Since God is nature and God knows all and controls all, the fifth sign would then be attempting to make Jesus a true part, or equal to God in a fatherly-son way of being. The writer of the book of John focuses more of the mystery of how Jesus was able to cross the water without a boat. Jesus being able to walk on water meant that, just like God, Jesus could control the elements of nature and that he was some-what of a higher power than earthly things. This would mean that Jesus was connected to God in a deep and profound way. This miracle, again, reveals his true glory and would mean that believing and having true spiritual faith in Jesus would lead to true life. The sixth sign becomes significant once we read that the man that was healed was blind completely from birth. This was used to portray that Jesus was the light of the world sine he opens the eyes of those who were spiritually blinded from birth. Jesus also emphasizes that the blind nas not been punished and is not a sinner, tor his purpose in life is to show His Glory which would make the man an important person despite being blinded. This could be used to represent the people who were piritually blinded being healed and seeing who Jesus truly was. The blind man would be a spiritually blinded man instead of the physical blindness. Even those who clam to see are blind because they have not seen the light of life, or realize who Jesus truly is. It is only the true believers that understand the Jesus is the Son of God because their blindness has been healed, and the real consequence is that they will see the light of Glory and light of the world. The seventh sign reveals Jesus as the giver of life, and the giver of eternal life, and there is once again a stress on the term Son of God, and the glorifying of Jesus and n the fact that Jesus is both Son of God and Messiah. The raising up of Lazarus in a way very similar to that of the final resurrection is surely a pointer to that resurrection. It is a physical enactment of the glory of the coming general resurrection. So above all it reveals Jesus as the One Who has life in Himself, and as the One Whose voice as the Son of God can raise the dead. While His glory is not specifically mentioned at the end, it was underlined at the beginning. What has happened has revealed the glory of the Father resulting in He Himself being glorified, nd later in chapter 20 the writer goes on to draw our attention to the fact that Jesus is to ascend to His Father, in other words to the glory which He had had with Him before the world was. Again we have the contrast made in the narrative between those who saw and believed the truth about Jesus, and those whose eyes were closed. Johns hope was that his readers would be among those who saw and believed. Note also the reference by the Chief Priests and the Pharisees to signs, but again they were signs which were misunderstood and never properly interpreted. Although Jesus resurrection isnt identified as a miracle, but as The Resurrection, in the Book of John it can be seen as an eighth sign. This miracle revealed Jesus as the Son of God completely without a doubt. This is the greatest miracle of all and is done my Jesus and himself only. I find it significant that those who truly believe do not have to witness in order to be commended. Thus these eight signs, witnessed to as facts by the disciples, and occurring at specified places, manifest the fact that Jesus is both Messiah and Son of God to those who have true faith, with the consequence that they receive life. Although, they are undoubtedly central to the theme of the Gospel it is also unquestionable that they do not in themselves provide a foundational structure that can explain the whole Gospel, even apart from the prologue and the activities of John the Baptist and the passion narrative, do not build on these signs, but are separate elements in the narrative. Therefore, Johns selection of material is not to be seen as dependent only on the seven signs. He has a wider view. Chapter 7 does, however, in its own way bring out what men were thinking about Jesus. It commences with Jesus brothers encouraging Him to do signs openly, n order to win allegiance from the people, although again they are the wrong kind of signs because the aim was simply physical notoriety. And it goes on to deal with the fact that all were asking questions about Him. But they were not coming to the right answers, because they had not understood the signs. They too were blind. Some, however did respond to His miracles and would appear to have acknowledged His Messian ship, although not in the tullest sense required by John, and this eventually leads on in to a confirmation, and even expansion, of Jesus revealing Himself as the water of life and the giver of the Spirit.

Reddit Marketing Guide How to Drive Targeted Traffic - CoSchedule Blog

Reddit Marketing Guide How to Drive Targeted Traffic Blog Since you’re reading this on the internet, I’m going to assume you know what Reddit is. Even if you’re not a dedicated redditor, you probably have a general idea of what the site is all about. (If you really don’t know anything about Reddit, it’s basically a gigantic online community made up of user-generated and user-curated content.) Reddit ranks within the top 25 most-visited websites  in the world, and often sees more than one million unique pageviews  in a single day. Consider those last two points from a marketer’s perspective. Light bulbs going off yet? Simply put, if you go about it the right way, Reddit can be a major  source of targeted traffic  for your website- and ultimately lead to massive conversions. Additionally, Reddit is considered the â€Å"front page of the internet, for a reason- if your post makes it to Reddit’s homepage or to the top of a subreddit, there’s a good chance of getting coverage for your product or service or getting a link back if you’re promoting a post as a lot of influencers and publishers are scouring Reddit to find content for their own sites But, that’s a pretty big if. The thing about Reddit is, it’s not like most other social networks full of â€Å"everyday† users. While effective marketing on any social network happens when you provide serious value to the readers, because Redditors are good at spotting marketers, you better be prepared to provide serious value to the Reddit community. Redditors are good at spotting marketers, so you better be prepared to provide serious value.If it’s blatantly obvious that you’re using it just to promote your business, things aren’t going to go well for you. Not only do you face the possibility of being banned from posting within a certain area of the site (or possibly the entire site altogether), but you also run the risk of ruining your online reputation as a whole. Now, this isn’t to say that it’s impossible to generate traffic and leads by posting your own content to Reddit. But it’s not going to happen overnight, either. The following article will discuss the process you’ll need to go through in order to successfully leverage the Reddit community as a reliable source of long term - trafficas well as common pitfalls to avoid while doing so. (Sure you could skip this whole guide and bribe moderators, buy upvotes, and attempt to brigade other posts in an attempt to get your post front and center, but marketing isn’t manipulation and a strategy like this isn’t sustainable). Before We Move On, Get Your Free Reddit Blog Post Ideas Bonus Guide Supercharge your blog with Reddit. Download your free Reddit Blog Post Ideas Guide and learn how to mine the popular link sharing site to find awesome blog ideas. Reddit Marketing Guide to Driving Targeted TrafficWhy Use Reddit for Marketing? As a content marketer, becoming a redditor can benefit you in a number of ways: (As mentioned) It can help drive massive amounts of targeted traffic to your blog or website It can help you expand your audience base It can point you toward trending topics and areas of interest within your niche Let’s take a look at each of these benefits in greater detail. Recommended Reading: How to Use Reddit to Unlock Awesome Blog Post Ideas A Traffic Influx There’s no shortage of content marketers’ success stories with using Reddit to drive traffic to a specific website. Eddy Azar’s website went from 41 to 4,266 visitors a day  overnight  after he posted a single link to a post on his site. (Source  / Caption: Can’t argue with results.) Ryan Stewart discovered how to leverage Reddit to grow his traffic numbers by over 1,000 visitors  (an increase of about 33%). And Travis Levell also gained almost 1,000 site visitors  after posting a link to an article he’d written- and he posted it pretty much on a whim. Recommended Reading: 14 Time-Tested Tactics to Get Tons of Traffic From Social Media But there’s more to these examples than just traffic stats. After posting on Reddit: Eddy’s Medium following grew from zero  to over 14,000 in one month Ryan now uses Reddit to generate the majority of his traffic Travis earned over 600 signups for a brand new offering in the two weeks after posting So, not only did posting on Reddit help these guys get more eyes on their site, but it also helped them gain a larger following, and provide them the potential to grow their business. And that’s because†¦ Reddit Makes It Easy to Target Highly-Qualified Audience Members Reddit is made up of thousands and thousands of â€Å"subreddits†, which are forums dedicated to a specific topic or idea. Subreddit topics can be fairly general (such as /r/science  or /r/gaming), or they can be ultra-specific (â€Å"Squirrels eating unconventional things†). Yes, we’re serious. Source: https://www.reddit.com/r/SEUT/. There are also subreddits dedicated to educating the community in some way or another. On /r/explainlikeimfive/, members share simplified explanations of complex topics. On /r/todayilearned, people discuss interesting factoids they had never known before. What this means for you as a marketer is you can almost certainly find at least one (and, more likely, numerous) subreddits full of individuals who align perfectly with your ideal customer personas. As mentioned in the previous section, seeing an influx in traffic is one thing. Knowing that the new visitors to your site are champing at the bit to engage with you is another. Recommended Reading: 30 Social Media Engagement Tactics That Will Boost Shares and Conversions Reddit Uncovers Industry Trends as They Happen If something worth knowing is happening in your industry, you can bet Reddit’s members will be on top of it. Even if you’re just lurking through subreddits and not actively looking to generate traffic at the time, you can still glean valuable insight regarding: Your customers’ pain points Validate market demand  for your product or service New technologies in your industry News and events that could change the way your company operates The information you discover while browsing through your favorite subreddits can lead you to create new blog posts, fine-tune your marketing strategies, and better understand your customers. In this way, using Reddit can even indirectly affect your business in a positive manner. Recommended Reading: The Ultimate Blog Writing Process to Create Killer Posts How to Use Data to Fuel Your Content Marketing Strategy How to Find Your Target Audience and Create the Best Content Can You Build Instant Karma? We mentioned earlier that using Reddit to generate traffic is a fairly involved process (that’s totally worth the effort, mind you). So before we dig into the nitty-gritty of how to leverage Reddit to grow your business, we need to discuss karma. Reddit’s karma system essentially measures your reputation as a redditor. You can gain (or lose) karma in two different areas: the links you post, and the comments you make on posts. It might take you a while to reach this level of Reddit epicness. Source: karmalb.com/. While the number of upvotes and the timeframe those votes happen in a major part of how Reddit’s ranking algorithm  works, karma is an important aspect of achieving success on Reddit. Basically, you can think of karma as a means to an end. The higher your karma level, the more respect you’ll gain from the Reddit population (Also, some subreddits won’t even allow you to post links until you reach a certain level of karma).  The more respect you have from the population, the more likely they are to trust you when you eventually begin posting your own content. The more you are trusted, the more likely Redditors will give you an upvote (assuming whatever you are posting is epic), even if it’s self-promotional. #Reddit Tip: The more you are trusted, the more likely Redditors will give you an upvote:Though whether you gain or lose karma is technically up to other users, the general rules are: Posting valuable content, providing insightful commentary, and offering an overall positive experience will result in good karma. Acting selfishly, being rude, trolling, and begging for upvotes or clicks will lead to bad karma. As alluded to earlier, one of the biggest no-no’s when it comes to posting on Reddit is this: Do not  use Reddit solely to promote your own content. Redditors will see through you immediately, and, as mentioned earlier, will use any opportunity they can get to expose you to the community. (You eventually will  have the opportunity to promote your content, but we’ll get to that in a bit.) Do NOT use #reddit solely to promote your own content. Do this instead:Using Reddit to Drive Traffic Okay, now we’re ready to dive into the actual process of using Reddit to drive traffic to your site. In this section, we’ll discuss the following: Picking the right subreddits to focus on Becoming a valued member of the community Posting your content The logistics behind posting on Reddit Advertising potential on Reddit Let’s get started. Picking the Right Subreddits As we’ve discussed, there are literally thousands of subreddits to check out. Of course, not all of them are relevant to your industry. But there are likely dozens (at least) that are. But, even if a subreddit is relevant to your industry, that doesn’t necessarily mean it’ll be the best place to focus your efforts. An incredibly small sample of the list of Reddit communities. Source: https://www.reddit.com/r/ListOfSubreddits/wiki/listofsubreddits. Before you begin actually browsing through possible subreddits to join, ask yourself the following questions: What, specifically, are your areas of expertise? What value are you aiming to provide your audience? What are your target audience members interested in? The answers to these questions will help you narrow down exactly which subreddits will help you achieve your goal of driving more traffic to your website. Without considering these questions, you run the risk of focusing on a subreddit that, as it turns out, doesn’t provide the much in terms of mutual value. To find potential subreddits to join, search Reddit for keywords your target audience would use to search for your product or service. You’ll almost certainly be given a laundry list of subreddits to check out, some of which you’ll be able to screen out immediately. (Note: you can browse through the following list  to find the top 5,000 subreddits). If you live in the US, the second result probably isn’t for you. Source: https://www.reddit.com/search?q=content+marketingrestrict_sr=sort=relevancet=alltype=srcount=3after=t5_2rdsd. Once you’ve generated a decent-sized list of possible subreddits to hone in on, browse through them to get a good idea of: How many subscribers each subreddit has The most talked-about topics  and types of content that have been posted within the past month How active the community is in terms of posting and generating discussion Popular opinions held throughout the community Specific etiquette and rules for that subreddit Some of the rules for posting on /r/todayilearned. Source: https://www.reddit.com/r/todayilearned/. Regarding the last two points, each subreddit is a community unto itself. Taking certain actions or making certain comments that might be acceptable in one subreddit may not be so well-received in another. #Reddit Tip: Actions or comments acceptable in one subreddit may not be well-received in another.If it’s not immediately clear where the community stands on a hot-button issue, dig deeper until you know for sure. Otherwise, you’ll come off looking like an outsider, and will almost certainly lose karma points in the process. Consider using a spreadsheet to keep track of what’s acceptable to post where. Source: https://sumo.com/stories/growth-hacking-reddit/. Getting â€Å"In† With the Community Once you’ve joined a good amount of subreddits, and have learned as much as possible about the nuances of each, you’ll be ready to get involved. But this doesn’t mean you should start posting your own content just yet. Instead, begin by joining in the major discussions being held in the comments sections of the more popular posts. But don’t just offer canned responses. A run-of-the-mill comment might not necessarily result in bad karma. But it won’t get you any positive points, either. In other words, if your comment is boring and cookie-cutter, you might as well not say anything at all. On the other hand, an insightful comment full of facts, examples, or links to further reading will not only earn the respect of the community, but it will also keep the conversation flowing. Go out of your way to be helpful for good karma. Source: https://www.reddit.com/r/TheoryOfReddit/comments/18r63h/does_reddit_protect_your_karma_totals_from_mass/. If you happen to disagree with a comment someone else posted, that’s fine- as long as you’re respectful about it. Not only should you be respectful, but you also should back up your claims with (as mentioned above) facts, examples, and other documentation. Again, the point of commenting is to further the discussion, even if that means offering counterpoints and rebuttals. Another thing to consider when putting yourself â€Å"out there† on Reddit is the hivemind aspect  of the community. Essentially, this refers to the fact that a good percentage of redditors in a community will blanketly agree or disagree with you based on whether or not you’re â€Å"going along with the herd.† In other words, be careful when posting counterpoints (even when justifiably warranted), as you might end up getting down-voted for reasons other than the quality of your comment. Whether you agree or disagree, it never hurts to give kudos to others for voicing their opinion (and working hard to back it up). This extra bit of generosity can go a long way toward earning you a positive reputation within a subreddit, making it easier for others to trust that you’re there for the good of the community as a whole. Once you’ve interacted with other community members enough to start gaining some karma (and possibly making connections), you can then begin actually posting content. But not your own. Instead, share resources such as blog posts, videos, podcasts, and infographics that will contribute to the on-going conversations in the community. By sharing content which you have zero stake in, you’ll further the notion that you’re there to provide value to the community, not just gain publicity for yourself. Note that you should only share content if it will truly provide value to the community. In other words, don’t post dozens of links hoping a handful will resonate with other members. In the same way you (hopefully) don’t share every meme you come across with your friends on Facebook, be prudent when it comes to sharing resources in your targeted subreddits. Also, stay away from controversy as best you can. Yes, you want to get noticed within the community, but you don’t want to be known as a rabble rouser. Even if the content you’re thinking of sharing is  insightful and possibly valuable, if it’s too opinionated you run the risk of alienating a good amount of the community. Once you’ve become a valued member of the community, it’s time to start sharing your own content and generating traffic to your site. Posting Your Own Content on Reddit Now that you’ve built a reputation for yourself as an active redditor who cares about your industry and community, you can start sharing your own content. Regarding the actual content you share, follow the tried-and-true rules for creating epic content  you’ve (hopefully) always followed. At this stage, the importance of sharing incredibly valuable content of your own is essential. Of all the content you’ve shared during your time engaged with the community, you want your own to be the absolute best of the best. Recommended Reading: The 6 Types of Social Media Content That Will Give You the Greatest Value The content you share could be posts you’ve written previously - as long as it’s in-line with currently-trending topics in the subreddit. If the discussion steers toward a topic you’ve already written about (and your post meets the highest standard of quality), toss it out there for others to check out. You can also leverage the on-going discussions within your community and create new  content  that goes along with it. Use the skyscraper technique  to transform a so-so post into an absolute masterpiece. Provide information that supplements another user’s epic content. Or go against the grain and offer up a longform rebuttal. You might be wondering if it’s acceptable to post the same piece of content in multiple subreddits. The answer is â€Å"yes, with a ‘but.’† Begin by posting the link to the most appropriate subreddit (i.e., the one that prompted you to think of your content in the first place). Then, when posting to similar subreddits that would also get value from your content, include the phrase â€Å"[posted from /r/originalsubredditname]† in the subject line. Without this addendum, your multiple posts will look like spam to anyone who sees them in more than one spot. Now that you’ve begun sharing your own content, there are a few things to note: Don’t force it. You have a much better chance of gaining traction by posting articles that relate to the current topic than you do by posting something that came out of left field. Don’t stop posting other people’s content. The community will figure out your intentions if you start posting links only to your own site. Don’t beg for upvotes or clicks. The other community members don’t owe you anything. If they like your content, they’ll check it out. Tip:  Remember, just because you’re now at the stage of posting your own content doesn’t mean you can go back to marketing yourself. Being a part of the Reddit community is about providing value, not promoting your business. Logistics Behind Posting Content on Reddit These last pieces of advice will probably sound pretty familiar: When posting content to Reddit, make sure it’ll get in front of the most eyes as possible, and make sure the title begs to be clicked. Because Reddit’s massive community is active throughout the world, there’s no single optimal time to post your content. However, you can use Later for Reddit’s Subreddit Traffic Analysis tool  to figure out the best time to post on a specific subreddit. This tool requires you have a ballpark idea of how many upvotes you believe your content will get, assuming you post at the best possible time. For example, if you think you’ll get 50 upvotes, you might want to set the Vote Threshold at around 20-25. The best time to post on /r/science seems to be 8:00am on Wednesday mornings. Source: https://www.redditlater.com/analysis/#/r/science. While it’s possible to post at a less-than-optimal time and still see your fair share of upvotes, it’s best to get your content out there when you know the most people are looking - for two reasons: The human factor. The more recent the link, the fresher (and more-clickable) it will appear in the eyes of your audience. Reddit’s ranking algorithm. Newer stories are inherently scored higher than older ones. If your subreddit sees more than a few dozen posts per day, your content will easily get buried if you post at an inopportune time. One thing worth noting here is, you really only need to worry about the time you post when posting your own  content. Feel free to post other people’s content whenever you feel (as long as you follow the guidelines we set above). If only a small amount of people see those posts, it’s a no-harm-no-foul situation. On the other hand, if you post your own  content and nobody sees it, you’ve wasted an opportunity. Moving along, you also want to make sure your headline attracts as many viewers as possible. Similar to when creating the perfect headline for a blog post, you want to take time to craft a headline for your Reddit post that intrigues your audience and tells them what they’ll get out of clicking through to the full article. As should be clear by now, redditors are well-versed in all things internet. They’ve seen every clickbait headline known to man. Don’t do it. No matter how valuable your full piece is, no self-respecting redditor will click something with the phrase â€Å"you won’t believe what happened next!† in it. Use clickbait, and you can expect to get downvotedwhether your audience members actually clicked on your post or not. Recommended Reading: How to Write Headlines that Drive Traffic, Shares, and Search Results What About Advertising on Reddit? All throughout this article, we’ve made it a point to drill home the fact that coming across as a marketer on Reddit is all but a death sentence for your company. So how are you supposed to get away with actually posting paid advertisements  on the site? Well, the reason we left this for last is because you need to make sure you’ve done everything  else right up until the point that you begin thinking about posting ads on Reddit. Once you’ve been accepted into a subreddit community, you at least have a bit of leverage when it comes to selling your products or services to other community members. (Who would you  trust more with your money in the real world: a long-time town resident who you’ve known and respected for years, or the new guy who just moved in last week from parts unknown?) As long as you’re fully confident that you won’t face backlash from posting an ad to your most-frequented subreddit, it’s worth giving it a go. The three ways you can go about advertising on Reddit are: Sponsored Posts: These will be pinned to the top of the subreddit of your choice at a cost of $0.75 CPM (with a minimum purchase amount of $5). You can choose to either post link to external content, or to a full-length text post on that subreddit. Display Ads: If your advertising budget can handle it, display ads on Reddit work just as they do on any other site - with one addition: users can seamlessly upvote and downvote your ad, and even generate discussions about them, as well. To post these type of ads, you’ll need to speak directly with the Reddit team (rather than simply fill out billing info). Sponsored QA: Similar to Reddit’s famous (or infamous) Ask Me Anything sessions, sponsored question and answer forums allow you to set up a specific time in which you’ll provide answers to your target audience’s burning questions regarding your product, service, or industry as a whole. Again, to set up a sponsored QA session, you’ll need to collaborate with the Reddit team to determine how long you’d like the session to last, and which subreddits the session will be posted to. When actually creating content to be advertised on Reddit, the ground rules remain the same: Provide ultimate value: As we’ve said time and again, redditors hate marketers - unless you can truly  provide them something that will drastically improve their lives in one way or another. If there’s ever a time to share the absolute best you have to offer, this is it. Be real: Be honest with your intentions: you have something of value to sell, and you want your community to know about it. Also, be personable and true to your audience. If you truly are a part of the community, others will likely be more than happy to share their hard-earned cash with you if they trust you’ll give them something incredible in return. Learn from the experience: If you take the leap into advertising on Reddit and it doesn’t go as well as you’d hoped, don’t turn tail and run. Address your audience’s concerns, respond to negative comments, and figure out what you can do better the next time. Redditors want to know their  voices are being heard; if you tweak your campaigns to fit their needs, they’ll most likely forget all about the negative experiences of the past. Even if you do  see success with advertising on Reddit, don’t put all your eggs in one basket. Continue to share other content as you normally would, and reserve paid posts for when you have a major announcement to make, such as a product release or change in services provided. Ready to Start Driving Traffic With Reddit? If you’ve never actually used Reddit before, you might be under the misconception that it’s all memes and silliness. While it certainly has its fair share of ridiculous content, Reddit can also be an incredible source for marketers and entrepreneurs in terms of generating traffic and staying up with current industry trends. Now, all that’s left is for you to start building up that karma.

Physics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Physics - Essay Example 3. The balloon would initially be at rest with zero momentum. On release, the gases initially inflated move in one direction and the balloon would move in the opposite direction to acquire equal momentum quantities such that the sum of the vector momenta become zero in line with Newton’s third law of motion that the forces are opposite and equal. 4. Had the rich man been not so miserly, he would have thrown the bag of gold coins so that while the bag glides in one direction, he would be propelled in the opposite direction in line with Newton’s third principle of motion which suggests that he would be propelled at an equal but opposite force to the one used to throw the bag. The ice being frictionless would cause the man not to stop until he reaches the shore. 5. In space, it would be expected that a rocket would have zero momentum as there is no force. To propel and change direction, the rocket thrusters push fuel in one direction and fuel pushes back in the opposite di rection in line with Newton’s third principle of motion. The rocket throws millions of particles from its tail causing it to move in the opposite direction referred to as spacecraft propulsion. Phy 2-1 1. When the jar with orange juice is shaken vigorously, the work done would heat the juice thus increasing the molecules’ kinetic energy. ... 3. a) No. For liquids and solids, the internal energies are complex and would involve potential energies affected by the bonds existing between molecules and atoms. Hence, objects could have same temperature but different internal energies. Similarly, internal energy varies with object mass. When two objects of different temperatures are in contact with each other, there would be transfer of net energy to the colder object from the hotter one no matter their internal energies. b) Yes. For there to be energy transfer, there has to be difference in temperature between two objects, which need not essentially be related to internal energies difference. For a substance to change phase from solid to liquid to gas, energy should be supplied to break the intermolecular interactions. In water, these interactions make it solid as ice. Ice would be hard because the interactions are strongest with the interaction weakening on transformation to steam or gas. When undergoing phase change, energy w ould be consumed to break these interactions as opposed to causing an increase in temperature. As such, the temperature remains constant until that point where all the interactions would be broken. For example, when heat is applied on a block of ice, the temperature of the ice block would rise until it is 00C. The temperature remains constant as the block of ice melts to water as the absorbed heat would be used to break intermolecular bonds as opposed to increasing temperature. The temperature would then rise when all the ice melts to water. Yes. It is possible to convert mechanical energy completely to heat or internal energy. No. The reverse is impossible. According to the second law of thermodynamics, there is no machine that converts heat to mechanical energy hence no 100%

For-profit organization Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

For-profit organization - Research Paper Example It is illustrative to examine the difficulties behind adopting this particular accounting procedure. The Volvo Group has a number of divisions: Volvo Trucks, Volvo Buses, Volvo Construction, Volvo Penta, Volvo Aero and Volvo Financial Services. Volvo is primarily a vehicle and automobile manufacturer, but its finance website offers leases and finance solutions, meaning that accounting is doubly important for the firm (Volvo AB, 2011). Volvo had an excellent year across all departments: â€Å"During the fourth quarter of 2010, the Volvo Group continued to grow at a good pace with higher sales in all regions, improved profitability and a very strong cash flow. Year-on-year sales were up 23% to SEK 73.4 billion. Operating income improved to SEK 5.5 billion and the operating cash flow from Industrial operations amounted to SEK 15.1 billion. As a result of improved profitability and strong cash flow, net debt in the Industrial operations is now down to 37% of shareholders’ equity, which is in accordance with our objective†.

Essay Example for Free

Essay For every course of action that one takes in life, there is a cost associated. This cost may be large or small but one can weigh this cost with the alternative before he or she makes any decision. In the essay, â€Å"The Price of Crossing Borders† written by Eduardo Porter, the concept of understanding that there is a price for everything is conveyed. There is no decision that is made or path that is taken that comes without some sort of cost to us personally. An alternate title of Porter’s article, â€Å"The Cost of The Decisions We Make†, responds to his views on this idea. He tries to persuade his audience that â€Å"by evaluating opportunity costs, we organize our lives† (p. 325). In the essay, Porter used an illegal immigrant from Stockton, California as an example to help understand opportunity costs. The immigrant must make a choice on how he is going to get his children across the Mexico border into the United States. Porter stated, â€Å"The conversation laid in stark relief the type of bare-knuckle cost-benefit analyses that steer people’s lives† (p. 326). By this statement, Porter referred to the decision of how the immigrant will transport his children and the costs that it will entail. While the more expensive choice is safer, saving the money will take some time. The cheaper alternative, however, puts his children in danger and the possible risk of not making it safe or alive to the United States. Porter said, â€Å"The cost of taking any action or embracing any path consists of the alternatives that were available to us at the time† (p. 325). The illegal immigrant must weigh his opportunity cost of each path before making the im portant decision regarding his children’s lives. The debate on illegal immigration in the United States is well known and people have very strong views on it. While one extreme thinks the borders should be closed off all together and all immigrants sent back to their country, the opposing view feels we were all immigrants at one time and everyone deserves a chance at starting a new life in this country. Porter alluded that most people’s arguments against illegal immigrants in this country are fairly weak. He disagreed with those that argue illegal immigrants pose a burden due to the services they consume such as health care, food stamps, or lower the working wages for American workers. He stated, â€Å"most immigrants work on the books using false ID’s, and have taxes withheld from their paycheck like any other worker. They can’t draw benefits from most government programs† (p. 327). Basically without the proper legal documentation, illegal immigra nts cannot collect welfare, food stamps, unemployment, etc. He also said, â€Å"there is scant evidence that immigrants lower the wages of American workers† (p. 327). Since most illegal immigrants work jobs that many Americans deem undesirable, they are really primarily competing against other poor illegal immigrants. If anything, illegal immigrants actually help many companies thrive or even exist. Without these immigrants, California’s agricultural industry would be nonexistent and many of the goods it produces would be imported. Everything affects prices in the United States. Porter claimed that illegal immigrants affect prices but not in a negative manner. With a higher number of immigrants, some jobs such as gardening and housekeeping have actually seen a decrease in the average price of services. Though many politicians claim to be reforming immigration laws, Porter stated little will be done soon. Illegal immigrants provide cheap labor to many of this country’s thriving businesses. While the United States will probably not make it any easier for illegal immigrants to enter the country, they will also not completely do away with them either due to the enormous cost. In the end, all illegal immigrants must weigh the cost of their decision to enter this country against the cost of staying in their own. Is the cost of risking their life and their families’ life worth the chance at a minimum wage job and the chance for prosperity in the United States? Porter felt that based on the historical tre nd, many immigrants will continue to choose the more dangerous path for a chance at the American dream.

Nisei Daughter by Monica Sone Essay -- Nisei Daughter Monica Sone

Nisei Daughter, by Monica Sone 'Even with all the mental anguish and struggle, an elemental instinct bound us to this soil. Here we were born; here we wanted to live. We had tasted of its freedom and learned of its brave hopes for democracy. It was too late, much too late for us to turn back.' (Sone 124). This statement is key to understanding much of the novel, Nisei Daughter, written by Monica Sone. From one perspective, this novel is an autobiographical account of a Japanese American girl and the ways in which she constructed her own self-identity. On the other hand, the novel depicts the distinct differences and tension that formed between the Issei and Nisei generations. Moreover, it can be seen as an attempt to describe the confusion experienced by Japanese Americans torn between two cultures.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  First, and most obvious, Monica Sone accounts for, in an autobiographical manner, the important events and situations in her life that helped create her self-identity. She recounts an event at the age of five, when she found out that she, ?had Japanese blood.? This recognition would spark the chain of many more realizations to come. Sone describes the relationships she had with her parents and siblings. She seems very pleased with and delighted by the differing, yet caring personalities of each person in her family. Sone describes herself as a typical American child: going to school, playing mischievously with friends on the block, reading, spending quality time with... Nisei Daughter by Monica Sone Essay -- Nisei Daughter Monica Sone Nisei Daughter, by Monica Sone 'Even with all the mental anguish and struggle, an elemental instinct bound us to this soil. Here we were born; here we wanted to live. We had tasted of its freedom and learned of its brave hopes for democracy. It was too late, much too late for us to turn back.' (Sone 124). This statement is key to understanding much of the novel, Nisei Daughter, written by Monica Sone. From one perspective, this novel is an autobiographical account of a Japanese American girl and the ways in which she constructed her own self-identity. On the other hand, the novel depicts the distinct differences and tension that formed between the Issei and Nisei generations. Moreover, it can be seen as an attempt to describe the confusion experienced by Japanese Americans torn between two cultures.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  First, and most obvious, Monica Sone accounts for, in an autobiographical manner, the important events and situations in her life that helped create her self-identity. She recounts an event at the age of five, when she found out that she, ?had Japanese blood.? This recognition would spark the chain of many more realizations to come. Sone describes the relationships she had with her parents and siblings. She seems very pleased with and delighted by the differing, yet caring personalities of each person in her family. Sone describes herself as a typical American child: going to school, playing mischievously with friends on the block, reading, spending quality time with...

Cross cultural values and conflicts Essay

The modern society is made up of different cultures which are constantly interacting with each other. This interaction helps in the enrichment of the society. However, it is also the cause of intercultural tensions that have been witnessed in many countries such as the United States. Intercultural conflicts may take different forms. This might lead to problems in different communities and fuel high levels of hatred and confrontation. It is a known fact that cultures differ from one community to another. There has been increased violence that can be attributed to marginalization and impoverishment of some cultures as compared to others. The other factors that contribute to this are ignorance coupled with prejudice. The result of this is disagreements between different communities, resentment and possibility of uncontrollable violence erupting. These conflicts arise due to opposition of certain cultures and reluctance to accept the diverse cultures of the world. Sources of conflicts Intercultural conflicts can, therefore, be said to be due to three causes. These are: political causes, social causes and economic causes. Political sources may be due to territorial differences that might lead to conflicts between different groups of people or nations. The fight for certain resources in particular regions fall under economic causes of these conflicts. Dispute may sometimes arise regarding the ownership, accessibility to or control of certain resources. These resources might include jobs, contracts, credits or education. Allocation of these resources should be done in a fair manner so that everyone gets an equal share regardless of their cultural backgrounds. The tough economic times and conditions may exacerbate intercultural hostility especially when these are seen to be the key causes of unemployment and degradation of peoples’ welfare (LeBaron and Pillay, p 42). Economic policies that favor certain groups of people or nations and ignoring the disadvantaged ones may hasten these conflicts. Such disadvantaged groups include immigrants and workers who might be looked down upon (LeBaron and Pillay, p 42). Social causes of conflicts might be due to differences in religion and languages. These are cultural issues which should not be taken lightly. For example, a communication barrier as far as language is concerned. This can be seen in institutions regarding the particular language used in the teaching process and examinations. Secondly, language used in the military during command and other government departments for communication. These might cause disparities between people of different ethnic and cultural backgrounds. It has been established that religion is a major cause of conflict between groups of people (LeBaron and Pillay, p 43). The main cause of social conflicts in the U. S. is immigration and the income levels between the two races (whites and blacks). This also includes the natives and immigrants in the United States as well as the poor and rich people (Morin, para 2). Other factors that may worsen this situation include; potential threats posed by certain groups to the interest of the group considered as the majority. For example, in the United States, most whites see the non white immigrants as criminals who pose a great danger to their families, jobs and institutions. This leads to exclusion of such migrants in certain sectors such as taking up high grade jobs and government positions. It has heightened the levels of discrimination in the United States (Ting-Toomey and Oetzel, p 23). Conclusion There is need for a global approach in finding a lasting solution to this problem. These efforts should be directed towards ending cultural, racial and ethnic conflicts worldwide. It will help in ending xenophobia, racism and racial segregation in the U. S. In doing so, the tension that is usually witnessed between different groups of people will be greatly reduced hence leading to a harmonious society. Despite the fact that conflicts will always arise at times, these should be solved amicably and democratically without bias or favoring any side or group. Works Cited LeBaron, Michelle and Venashri Pillay. Conflict across Cultures. Boston: Intercultural Press, 2006. Morin, Rich. â€Å"What Divides America? † September 24, 2009. August 10th, 2010 Ting-Toomey, Stella and John Oetzel G. Managing Intercultural Conflict Effectively. California: Sage Publications, 2001

Intellectual thought Essay

An intellectual is a person who primarily uses intelligence in either a professional or an individual capacity. As a substantive or adjective, it refers to the work product of such persons, to the so-called â€Å"life of the mind† generally, or to an aspect of something where learning, erudition, and informed and critical thinking are the focus, as in â€Å"the intellectual level of the discourse on the matter was not high†. Jacques Barzun, a French-American intellectual.  The intellectual is a specific variety of the intelligent, which unlike the general property, is strictly associated with reason and thinking. Many everyday roles require the application of intelligence to skills that may have a psychomotor component, for example, in the fields of medicine, sport or the arts, but these do not necessarily involve the practitioner in the â€Å"world of ideas†. The distinctive quality of the intellectual person is that the mental skills, which he or she demonstrates, are not simply intelligent, but even more, they focus on thinking about the abstract, philosophical and esoteric aspects of human inquiry and the value of their thinking. Traditionally, the scholarly and the intellectual classes were closely identified; however, while intellectuals need not necessarily be actively involved in scholarship, they often have an academic background and will typically have an association with a profession. More broadly, any work of the mind may be termed intellectual property, whether or not its content is â€Å"intellectual† in the sense covered in this article. Intellectuals include not only philosophers, interested in epistemology, but also others in the arts and sciences, plus the humanities, with no boundaries as to fields of study.

Research Paper on Durkheim

Research Paper on Durkheim Emile Durkheim was to become one of the most influential writers in regard to the subject of suicide and its link to the state of our modern society. For centuries before his writing, suicide was regarded as a moral and psychological problem that was caused by differences inherent to the individual. Durkheim’s work was the first to imply that the study of suicide could not be based on individuals and it was crucial to create a sociological approach regarding the external causes of society itself. His work, although receiving a great deal of criticism, has provoked a change in such studies ever since, with many sociologists using an interpretation of Durkheim’s theories as the basis of their own studies. In order to display that the crisis in our society was caused by factors external to the individuals, Durkheim systematically analysed each alternative possibility, all of which he eventually ruled out as a possible cause. He defined these alternatives as â€Å"organic-psychic dispositions and the nature of the physical environment† (Durkheim,E 1989). In studying the former of these, Durkheim wished to determine whether there existed an inclination among certain individuals towards suicide and he began by analysing the components of insanity. It was assumed by a number of theorists known as alienists that every suicide was committed by a person inflicted by insanity and that, according to Bourdin, suicide is simply a disease and special form of insanity. (Durkheim,E 1989) Durkheim continues this line of thought in order to discover what exactly is meant by such an insanity of suicide. He proposes that if suicide were to be a type of insanity then it would therefore be known as a ‘monomania’; a delirium of localised nature. It was believed that this monomania would be provoked by a violent emotional disturbance, which appears to link with the idea that suicides are usually â€Å"influenced by some abnormal passion† (Durkheim, E 1989). However, Durkheim finds fault with this theory, as he is unsatisfied of proof of existence of monomanias. He claims that although it cannot be proved that they do not exist, any type of observations that they do exist has never conclusively shown it. Furthermore, it has long since been believed that the idea of completely separate mental functions is false and that they are so completely interdependent that insanity, upon attacking one area, would without doubt affect every aspect of mental behaviour. It therefore appears that no suicidal monomania can exist and suicide cannot be â€Å"a distinct form of insanity†. Durkheim then continues to inspect the possibility that, although suicide is not a specific form of insanity, it may be a recurring event connected with all insanities. In order to do this four categories of suicide were created including maniacal, melancholy, obsessive and impulsive suicide. The first of these describes suicide linked to sudden hallucinations, demonstrated by suicide attempts which cannot be recalled by the person in the case of a survival and when the person no longer wishes to cause harm to themselves immediately after the attempt. The second form is associated with a severely depressive state resulting in despair of life, while the third varies in that it is entirely unmotivated but just as dominant as a suicide of melancholy reasons. Finally, impulsive suicide is equally as unmotivated; however, it does not consume the person’s mind. Instead it is characterised by a sudden and forceful urge. These definitions of suicide show that a number of different typ es exist, some of which result from hallucinations, and others, which are the product of real perceptions. This further shows that not all types of suicide can be linked to insanity that can therefore not be identified as a cause of suicide. Durkheim also shows that if mental disorders were the sole cause of suicide, then social conditions should have no effect on statistics. He displays that between 1858 and 1891 there were, without exception, more women than men in insane asylums. Therefore, if insanity was the cause of suicide, more women should commit suicide than men. This is clearly shown to be far from fact as â€Å"suicide is a largely male phenomenon†. (Durkheim, E 1989) Durkheim continues this point to show that, in fact, the correlation between insanity and suicide in different social conditions such as religions and age is actually non-existent and locations with the highest rates of insanity often have the lowest rates of suicide. Durkheim then examines alcoholism as a possible cause as it is a condition linked to many other social and moral problems. However, this seems unlikely, as alcoholism is most common among the lower classes where suicide is connected to the opposite. Also, using the example of France, it appears that not only alcoholism but also all diseases and crimes connected to it are of completely different locations on the country’s map to those of suicides. This therefore concludes, for Durkheim, â€Å"no psychopathic state bears an indisputable relation to suicide†. (Durkheim, E 1989) The next stage in Durkheim’s analysis regards those psychological states considered to be normal rather than those previously discussed. He begins with the concept of race for which he reluctantly uses the definition of Morselli in order to allow analysis of the concept, despite his warning of the difficulty of sociologically defining race. The four groups defined by Morselli were placed in descending order according to the number of suicides per group. Therefore the Germanic people were discovered to have the highest suicide rate, and then the Celto-Romans and the Slavs were identified to have the lowest rate (The fourth group were regarded as too small to assess). (Durkheim, E 1989) Despite this, it was noted that great differences actually existed within these categories and all people among them were not of uniform tendency towards suicide. It was then thought that perhaps the idea of nationality would be a more suitable category than that of race. However, in order to acc urately study this it is crucial to study an environment of mixed ethnic origins so that the cause may not simply be a distinct nature of a specific civilisation. This displayed that in many countries, the suicide rate was greater when there was a lower German influence, despite the fact that they were the nationality thought most likely to commit suicide. It therefore appears that a certain nationality such as the Germans does not commit suicide due to something inherent in their ‘race’ but rather as a result of the environment in which they live. It must also be considered that suicide could be inherited among families. Records show that suicides tend to recur in generations of the one family in alarming numbers. However, Durkheim points out that investigations of such situations have usually involved families touched by insanity as so it may therefore be due to the transmission of insanity, of which suicide is a â€Å"frequent but accidental symptom† rather than suicide itself. (Durkheim, E 1989). Also, suicides among families are often the result of the inclination towards reproducing the act of a loved one, demonstrated by the identical method frequently applied among families and groups. Finally, Durkheim states that if suicide were hereditary, this would not account for the difference in suicide rates between opposite sexes. Another factor which is often claimed to provoke suicide is what Durkheim called the â€Å"cosmos factors† which are alterations in climate and season. The suggestion of climate can immediately be ruled out as it can be clearly shown from the distribution of suicides across the globe, that high suicide rates can occur in all climates and countries such as Italy, who’s climate has not altered, though they have witnessed great changes in their suicide rates. Durkheim does, however, seems to accept that attributing suicide rates to changes in season should be given some credit. Despite common assumptions, suicides are found by statistics to be more common among the warmer months of March to August, without exception in any country. (Durkheim, E 1989) Morselli’s studies showed that, even more specifically, more suicides where found to occur in the summer. However, the conclusions drawn from this data varied among theorists. Morselli concluded that temperature was therefore positively correlated to suicide and this was due to greater levels of energy. Durkheim disputes this, reasoning that the different examples of suicide show that it can result from situations opposite to those of increased energy. He alternatively believed that the correlation is due to increase in daylight in the summer. More suicides are actually known to be committed in the daylight which, according to Durkheim, is because â€Å"this is the time of most active existence,†¦, when social life is most intense† (Durkheim, E 1989). Also, the variation in suicide rates throughout the year are more pronounced in rural areas than urban which Durkheim attributes to the higher alternations in levels of production, and therefore human relations, in rural areas, which are obviously much higher in summer months. Therefore, although Durkheim is accepting a cosmic factor as a possible cause for suicide, it is because he links this cause to societal changes and collective life. The final factor left for Durkheim to assess is that of imitation. Imitation, by definition, is the transfer of an act from one person to another without the requirement for any form of bond between the persons involved. It can therefore only be an individual act which would, if connected to the suicide rate, imply a pathological cause of suicide rather than societal. Durkheim rejects this idea, however, claiming that if imitation or contagion were to be the cause of suicide, there would be central geographical points, which had the highest suicide rates, and suicides would gradually diminish in a concentric pattern around them. However, in studying the statistics, this can clearly be shown to be incorrect, as many areas of low suicide rates can exist next to areas of the highest rates. Durkheim was therefore able to conclude that the cause of suicide was not inherent to the individual and must therefore be caused by the external, in other words, the society. Durkheim believed that society affected the individual in two ways; firstly by integration and creating â€Å"purposes and ideals† and secondly by â€Å"moderating their desires and aspirations† which had the potential to be infinite. Drawing from this, he divided suicide into a number of social categories. Firstly, Egoistic suicide was the result of insufficient integration into society and therefore the pursuit of individualism. Durkheim regarded religion as a major factor in this situation. Catholicism provides its society with a strict and invariable set of traditions that are set in place by a â€Å"hierarchical system of authority†. Durkheim associates this strict religion with the low suicide rate that exists among Catholics. He contrasts this with the protestant religion that is open to far greater interpretation and promotes a greater individual freedom. This highlights the basis of egoism, as the individual is without satisfactory inclusion into collective life. The suicide rate of Protestants is much higher which Durkheim believes is the result of this. The exception to this is in England; however, the protestant church here is the only to have a hierarchy and is therefore most similar to Catholicism. Furthermore, the Jewish society are subject to even stricter traditi onal beliefs which is reflected in their even lower suicide rates. The taste of individualism and â€Å"free enquiry† created by Protestantism is necessarily linked with the desire for learning and knowledge as â€Å"knowledge is free thoughts only means of achieving its purposes†. (Durkheim, E 1989). Durkheim believes that Protestants should therefore have a higher desire to learn and that this desire should correlate with the suicide rate. Protestants in general are better educated than Catholics. To further emphasise this, Protestant countries can be compared with each other which shows that the higher the quality of education (based on low illiteracy rates), the higher the suicide rate. This also correlates with the fact of men committing more suicides than women, as, worldwide; women are generally less educated than men. Durkheim also believes that the moderating effects upon suicide of consistency and collective practices can also be related to the family. It was believed by many that marriage and family actually increase the inclination to suicide. However, this opinion is found to be based on poor information. If the statistics only include those of marrying age and categorise these people into specific age group, it can then be seen that marriage actually decreases suicide attempts. This can be due to a number of factors. Firstly, the domestic environment and the collectivity of family life may reduce the tendency to suicide. Also, those who do not get married may be more likely to commit suicide due to their position in society through lack of marriage. It cannot, however, be described as something which is inherent in the type of people to marry as the act of marriage is clearly open to everyone and although the insane are perhaps excluded, they do not account for a big enough proportion to alt er the statistics. Finally, with regard to egoistic suicide, Durkheim links suicide rates to political struggle and upheaval. Despite political upheaval often being regarded as a cause of rising suicide rates, Durkheim notes that it may, in fact have the opposite effect and that the statistics will show this. To rule out the possibility that this may be caused simply to poor administration of deaths during wartime, Durkheim claims that this would only apply to men who die while partaking in the army. However, this does not account for the reduction in suicides of women that can be noted in many incidents. The conclusion therefore drawn from this is therefore that the suicide rate reduces in times of social or political upheaval as action is concentrated â€Å"towards a single end† creating a â€Å"stronger of integration of society† (Taylor, S 1989) Durkheim therefore provided a strong argument of how â€Å"suicide varies inversely with the degree of social integration of the social grou ps of which the individual forms part† (Taylor, S 1989. Durkheim then progresses to his second category, known as altruistic suicide, which he claims is the result of excessive social integration†. If a man is to become extremely involved with the ‘collective society’, he is likely to forget the importance of the self and will value his life very little in comparison to the common good of society. Durkheim uses many examples to show the existence of this in ancient societies, such as wives and servants feeling compelled to commit suicide on the death of their husbands and masters. Furthermore, in ancient Greece, men would rather end their own lives that live in illness or old age and this act of suicide would actually be rewarded by their society by a funeral of great honour. (Durkheim, E, 1989) This therefore symbolises the effects of society and its values on the suicides of its people. The extent of this is demonstrated by the fact that none of these suicides are obligatory but any alternative option would rarely be chosen, showing the sheer subordination of the individual to society. These traditional cultures can, however, be rarely displayed in our contemporary society. Durkheim believes that they now take a different form that is encapsulated in our armies. There can be a number of reasons attributed to the high suicide rates among the army. It would be often said that it relates back to marriage and the high rates of unmarried men in the army account or this. However, if the suicide rates of unmarried men are compared with those of the army, it can be seen that the rates of the army are still much higher and further explanation is therefore required. Durkheim carefully studied all available statistics to show that the men most likely to commit suicide in the army were those best suited to its lifestyle and requirements and those who are most keen to partake. Durkheim therefore concludes that the cause can relate only to the lack of value that a trained soldier is required to place on his own life, therefore leading him to obey any command without self-conside ration. Theorists such as Esquirol, however, rejected this claim, maintaining that deaths of such honour and nobility should not be considered as suicide. Durkheim responds that this is a problematic view, which undermines the similarity between many forms of suicide, and he concludes, â€Å"Every sort of suicide is merely the exaggerated or deflected form of a value†. (Lukes, S, 1967) Finally, anomic suicide is, for Durkheim, the form most associated with modern society. Rather than involving a lack of integration into society, it refers to a lack of constraint to an individual’s activity. Durkheim claims that, in times of economic crisis, both of depression and prosperity and depression, the suicide rate will generally rise. His conclusion from this is that, as the cause cannot be either poverty or wealth as both have the similar effect, it must be the actual fluctuation of situation. The result of this is that â€Å"norms that had previously regulated their (people of the society) conduct are no longer appropriate to their changed conditions of life†. (Taylor, S 1989) This condition can either be ‘acute’, and cause only small fluctuations, or it can be ‘chronic’, which, in Durkheim’s opinion, is the state of our modern society. This contemporary position results in a severe lack of regulation and individuals begin t o compete against each other, as the collective life is lost. A development of hostility occurs, especially between â€Å"labour and capital† and the increasingly specialised division of labour results in a further decrease of social solidarity. (Durkheim, 1984) Thus, these individuals, in this individualist struggle, are in constant need to gain more from life and they develop insatiable desires. The constant state of dissatisfaction, which is the consequence of this, would be the obvious creator of tendencies towards suicide. It is therefore clear that Durkheim provided a careful and systematic account of what he believed to be a social crisis rather than a psychological one. His study has provided future sociologists with a new perspective on such issues that has shaped their own investigation. However, despite his importance, Durkheim and his study of suicide and society has not been without criticism. Firstly, Durkheim’s study is based largely on facts represented by the actual Suicide Rates. However, the validity of these rates is highly questionable. As the suicide rates are themselves produced by individuals, they rely heavily on personal judgement rather than fact. Much of this judgement is also based on the opinions of people connected to the event such as family who may wish to alter facts in order to retain dignity of their loved one or themselves. Also, in economic terms, families may wish to avoid suicide verdicts for insurance reasons. Furthermore, Durkheim placed great emphasis on the importance of religious groups in the variations in the suicide rate. However, his reasoning may not be entirely accurate as Catholics, for example, may wish to disguise suicides in order to retain the respect of their religion. Durkheim’s theory was also greatly based on the influence of social goals. He did not however, consider that different types of goals may exist and that many of these may be â€Å"non-integrative† (Lukes, S, 1967). Therefore, he failed to realise that the absence of social goals that he described, such as anomie, may in itself be a form of goal of norm. Also, Durkheim fails to account for intentionality or why certain people commit suicide. His devotion to considering official suicide rates meant that the intentionality could not be considered as no direct evidence could be available to determine this after the event. Durkheim claimed that suicides were completely random and that the social reasons affected everyone with the same force and those who ended their lives were simply hit at their weak points. (Taylor, S 1989) However, this very claim suggests that some level of psychological difference must exist between individuals for this to have such an effect. It can therefore be determined that, despite the importance of Durkheim’s work, it has a great number of faults and criticisms. He carefully rules out what seems to be any possibility of suicide being the product of anything non-social, but the conclusions which he reaches appear to be incomplete and somewhat contradictory. Therefore, although he has clearly demonstrated that suicide is significantly affected by society, and its norms and values, there must be a pathological element that determines the precise individuals that are the victims of such effects. It is consequently obvious why many who have studied similar issues since, accept many of Durkheim’s theories but generally reject his dismissal of individual differences and his emphasis of social currents.

Capital Cities of Every Independent Country

Capital Cities of Every Independent Country There are 195 nations officially recognized as independent countries in the world, each with its own capital city. A significant number of countries have multiple capital cities. Where that occurs, the additional capital cities are listed as well. Is Taiwan a Country? The United Nations list of nations doesnt include Taiwan as separate but as a part of China: 193 U.N. member nations and two nonvoting observer  states, the Vatican City and Palestine. Only 17 nations recognize Taiwan as an independent nation, nine of which are in Latin America; in August 2018 El Salvador severed ties with Taiwan in favor of establishing relations with China, the third country to do so in just over a year. The Countries of the World and their Capitals Check out this alphabetical list of every independent nation and its capital (Taiwan is also included): Afghanistan: KabulAlbania: TiranaAlgeria: AlgiersAndorra: Andorra la VellaAngola: LuandaAntigua and Barbuda: Saint JohnsArgentina: Buenos AiresArmenia: YerevanAustralia: CanberraAustria: ViennaAzerbaijan: BakuThe Bahamas: NassauBahrain: ManamaBangladesh: DhakaBarbados: BridgetownBelarus: MinskBelgium: BrusselsBelize: BelmopanBenin: Porto-NovoBhutan: ThimphuBolivia: La Paz (administrative); Sucre (judicial)Bosnia and Herzegovina: SarajevoBotswana: GaboroneBrazil: BrasiliaBrunei: Bandar Seri BegawanBulgaria: SofiaBurkina Faso: OuagadougouBurundi: Gitega (changed from Bujumbura in December 2018)Cambodia: Phnom PenhCameroon: YaoundeCanada: OttawaCape Verde: PraiaCentral African Republic: BanguiChad: NDjamenaChile: SantiagoChina: BeijingColombia: BogotaComoros: MoroniCongo, Republic of the: BrazzavilleCongo, Democratic Republic of the: KinshasaCosta Rica: San JoseCote dIvoire: Yamoussoukro (official); Abidjan (de facto)Croatia: ZagrebCuba: HavanaCyprus: NicosiaCzech Republic: PragueDenmar k: Copenhagen Djibouti: DjiboutiDominica: RoseauDominican Republic: Santo DomingoEast Timor (Timor-Leste): DiliEcuador: QuitoEgypt: CairoEl Salvador: San SalvadorEquatorial Guinea: MalaboEritrea: AsmaraEstonia: TallinnEthiopia: Addis AbabaFiji: SuvaFinland: HelsinkiFrance: ParisGabon: LibrevilleThe Gambia: BanjulGeorgia: TbilisiGermany: BerlinGhana: AccraGreece: AthensGrenada: Saint GeorgesGuatemala: Guatemala CityGuinea: ConakryGuinea-Bissau: BissauGuyana: GeorgetownHaiti: Port-au-PrinceHonduras: TegucigalpaHungary: BudapestIceland: ReykjavikIndia: New DelhiIndonesia: JakartaIran: TehranIraq: BaghdadIreland: DublinIsrael: Jerusalem*Italy: RomeJamaica: KingstonJapan: TokyoJordan: AmmanKazakhstan: AstanaKenya: NairobiKiribati: Tarawa AtollKorea, North: PyongyangKorea, South: SeoulKosovo: PristinaKuwait: Kuwait CityKyrgyzstan: BishkekLaos: VientianeLatvia: RigaLebanon: BeirutLesotho: MaseruLiberia: MonroviaLibya: TripoliLiechtenstein: VaduzLithuania: VilniusLuxembourg: LuxembourgMacedonia: SkopjeMad agascar: Antananarivo Malawi: LilongweMalaysia: Kuala LumpurMaldives: MaleMali: BamakoMalta: VallettaMarshall Islands: MajuroMauritania: NouakchottMauritius: Port LouisMexico: Mexico CityMicronesia, Federated States of: PalikirMoldova: ChisinauMonaco: MonacoMongolia: UlaanbaatarMontenegro: PodgoricaMorocco: RabatMozambique: MaputoMyanmar (Burma): Rangoon (Yangon); Naypyidaw or Nay Pyi Taw (administrative)Namibia: WindhoekNauru: no official capital; government offices in Yaren DistrictNepal: KathmanduNetherlands: Amsterdam; The Hague (seat of government)New Zealand: WellingtonNicaragua: ManaguaNiger: NiameyNigeria: AbujaNorway: OsloOman: MuscatPakistan: IslamabadPalau: MelekeokPanama: Panama CityPapua New Guinea: Port MoresbyParaguay: AsuncionPeru: LimaPhilippines: ManilaPoland: WarsawPortugal: LisbonQatar: DohaRomania: BucharestRussia: MoscowRwanda: KigaliSaint Kitts and Nevis: BasseterreSaint Lucia: CastriesSaint Vincent and the Grenadines: KingstownSamoa: ApiaSan Marino: San MarinoSao Tome and Principe: Sao Tome Saudi Arabia: RiyadhSenegal: DakarSerbia: BelgradeSeychelles: VictoriaSierra Leone: FreetownSingapore: SingaporeSlovakia: BratislavaSlovenia: LjubljanaSolomon Islands: HoniaraSomalia: MogadishuSouth Africa: Pretoria (administrative); Cape Town (legislative); Bloemfontein (judiciary)South Sudan: Juba  Spain: MadridSri Lanka: Colombo; Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte (legislative)Sudan: KhartoumSuriname: ParamariboSwaziland: MbabaneSweden: StockholmSwitzerland: BernSyria: DamascusTaiwan: TaipeiTajikistan: DushanbeTanzania: Dar es Salaam; Dodoma (legislative)Thailand: BangkokTogo: LomeTonga: NukualofaTrinidad and Tobago: Port-of-SpainTunisia: TunisTurkey: AnkaraTurkmenistan: AshgabatTuvalu: Vaiaku village, Funafuti provinceUganda: KampalaUkraine: KyivUnited Arab Emirates: Abu DhabiUnited Kingdom: LondonUnited States of America: Washington, D.C.Uruguay: MontevideoUzbekistan: TashkentVanuatu: Port-VilaVatican City (Holy See): Vatican CityVenezuela: CaracasVietnam: HanoiYemen: SanaaZambia: Lusa kaZimbabwe: Harare An important fact to note is that the executive, judicial, and legislative branches of the State of Israel are all located in Jerusalem, making it the capital; nonetheless, almost all countries maintain their embassies in Tel Aviv. President Donald Trump moved the U.S. embassy to Jerusalem in 2018 and others may follow, possibly just to curry favor with the United States for aid in their own crises, Eric Olson told the Washington Post. While the listing above is an authoritative listing of the independent countries of the world, it is important to note that there are also more than 60  territories, colonies, and dependencies of independent countries, which often have their own capital cities as well.